概念入门

// This module demonstrates how Zig's module system distinguishes between different roles:
// programs (with main), libraries (exposing public APIs), and hybrid modules.
// It showcases introspection of module characteristics and role-based decision making.

const std = @import("std");
const roles = @import("role_checks.zig");
const manifest_pkg = @import("pkg/manifest.zig");

//  List of public declarations intentionally exported by the root module.
//  This array defines the public API surface that other modules can rely on.
//  It serves as documentation and can be used for validation or tooling.
pub const PublicSurface = [_][]const u8{
    "main",
    "libraryManifest",
    "PublicSurface",
};

//  Provide 一个 canonical manifest describing 库 surface 该 此 module exposes.
//  其他模块导入此辅助函数以推理包级API。
//  Returns a Manifest struct containing metadata about the library's public interface.
pub fn libraryManifest() manifest_pkg.Manifest {
    // Delegate to the manifest package to construct a sample library descriptor
    return manifest_pkg.sampleLibrary();
}

//  Entry point demonstrating module role classification and vocabulary.
//  Analyzes both the root module and a library module, printing their characteristics:
//  - Whether they export a main function (indicating program vs library intent)
//  - Public symbol counts (API surface area)
//  - Role recommendations based on module structure
pub fn main() !void {
    // Use a fixed-size stack buffer for stdout to avoid heap allocation
    var stdout_buffer: [768]u8 = undefined;
    var file_writer = std.fs.File.stdout().writer(&stdout_buffer);
    const stdout = &file_writer.interface;

    // Capture snapshots of module characteristics for analysis
    const root_snapshot = roles.rootSnapshot();
    const library_snapshot = roles.librarySnapshot();
    // Retrieve role-based decision guidance
    const decisions = roles.decisions();

    try stdout.print("== Module vocabulary demo ==\n", .{});

    // Display root module role determination based on main export
    try stdout.print(
        "root exports main? {s} → treat as {s}\n",
        .{
            if (root_snapshot.exports_main) "yes" else "no",
            root_snapshot.role,
        },
    );

    // Show the number of public declarations in the root module
    try stdout.print(
        "root public surface: {d} declarations\n",
        .{root_snapshot.public_symbol_count},
    );

    // Display library module metadata: name, version, and main export status
    try stdout.print(
        "library '{s}' v{s} exports main? {s}\n",
        .{
            library_snapshot.name,
            library_snapshot.version,
            if (library_snapshot.exports_main) "yes" else "no",
        },
    );

    // Show the count of public modules or symbols in the library
    try stdout.print(
        "library modules listed: {d}\n",
        .{library_snapshot.public_symbol_count},
    );

    // Print architectural guidance for different module design goals
    try stdout.print("intent cheat sheet:\n", .{});
    for (decisions) |entry| {
        try stdout.print("  - {s} → {s}\n", .{ entry.goal, entry.recommendation });
    }

    // Flush buffered output to ensure all content is written
    try stdout.flush();
}

// Import the standard library for common utilities and types
const std = @import("std");
// Import builtin module to access compile-time information about the build
const builtin = @import("builtin");
// Import the overlay module by name as it will be registered via --dep/-M on the CLI
const overlay = @import("overlay");

// / Entry point for the package overlay demonstration program.
// / Demonstrates how to use the overlay_widget library to display package information
// / including build mode and target operating system details.
pub fn main() !void {
    // Allocate a fixed-size buffer on the stack for stdout operations
    // This avoids heap allocation for simple output scenarios
    var stdout_buffer: [512]u8 = undefined;
    // Create a buffered writer for stdout to improve performance by batching writes
    var file_writer = std.fs.File.stdout().writer(&stdout_buffer);
    const stdout = &file_writer.interface;

    // Populate package details structure with information about the current package
    // This includes compile-time information like optimization mode and target OS
    const details = overlay.PackageDetails{
        .package_name = "overlay",
        .role = "library package",
        // Extract the optimization mode name (e.g., Debug, ReleaseFast) at compile time
        .optimize_mode = @tagName(builtin.mode),
        // Extract the target OS name (e.g., linux, windows) at compile time
        .target_os = @tagName(builtin.target.os.tag),
    };

    // Render the package summary to stdout using the overlay library
    try overlay.renderSummary(stdout, details);
    // Ensure all buffered output is written to the terminal
    try stdout.flush();
}

const std = @import("std");

//  Summary of a package registration as seen from the consumer invoking `--pkg-begin`.
//  从调用 `--pkg-begin` 的消费者视角看到的包注册摘要。
pub const PackageDetails = struct {
    package_name: []const u8,
    role: []const u8,
    optimize_mode: []const u8,
    target_os: []const u8,
};

//  Render a formatted summary that demonstrates how package registration exposes modules by name.
//  渲染格式化摘要，演示包注册如何按名称公开模块。
pub fn renderSummary(writer: anytype, details: PackageDetails) !void {
    try writer.print("registered package: {s}\n", .{details.package_name});
    try writer.print("role advertised: {s}\n", .{details.role});
    try writer.print("optimize mode: {s}\n", .{details.optimize_mode});
    try writer.print("target os: {s}\n", .{details.target_os});
    try writer.print(
        "resolved module namespace: overlay → pub decls: {d}\n",
        .{moduleDeclCount()},
    );
}

fn moduleDeclCount() usize {
    // Enumerate the declarations exported by this module to simulate API surface reporting.
    // 枚举此模块导出的声明以模拟API表面报告。
    return std.meta.declarations(@This()).len;
}